History of Chanel

I want to write about fashion brand, CHANEL S.A., usually called CHANEL. CHANEL is one of the most expansive and famous brands globally, and also many women long for Chanel bags.
The founder of CHANEL is Coco Chanel. Her real name is Gabrielle Bonheur Chanel who is French. Before she became the world-famous designer, she was the singer of a cafe. At that time, she used her name 'Coco'.
She established CHANEL in 1909. In 1910, she opened the hat shop named 'Chanel Modes'. After the famous actress, Gabrielle Dorziat, wore Chanel's hat, the brand CHANEL became famous. As her brand became popular, her simple fashion style also received attention, and a lot of imitated Chanel products were produced. One year later, she went into fashion industry as the designer of ladies' apparel.
Coco didn't llike 'corset', which was garment that hold tight and shape women's body. In 1913, Chanel showed Sports look, and this garment line brought about reform at women's life style. Also this was a big success. One of her jerseys appeared in the magazine named Harpersbazaar as 'attractive shirt-like dress'. She completed funky and convenient clothes without corsets.
Chanel prefers her own style ; easy to mover, having real charm, not parading, refusing of the unpractical, and own unique style.
In 1921, Chanel was set at number 31, Rou Cambon, Paris. Then she launched her first perfume, 'Chanel No.5'. So many women are attracted at this perfume including my mom, and also Marilyn Monroe loved this perfume. As we see that this fame lives today, her perfume was amazingly successful. The bottle of the perfume, 'Chanel No.5' was appreciated as work of art, and her bottle has been displayed at The Museum of Modern Art.
In 1924, she opened her first paste germs atelier.
Before her, black garments were only worn at funerals. But in 1926, she showed 'Litte Black Dress', and this was introduced as 'New uniform for modern women'. Chanel popularized the black clothes.
In 1928, she designed the first Tweed suit which was inspired from her travel of Scotland with the Dukc of Westminster. Chanel also opened a new dawn in history of fashion with 'Chanel suit'. Her suit would be the symbol of elegance and classic. Gold buttons, the logo of Chanel and knee-length skirt were the representatives of Chanel suit. As she became famous, she got to be the leader of elegant fashion.
In 1939, she closed her 'couture house', and only perfume ad accessories boutique left at number 3, Rou Cambon.
Durin WW1, Chanel's clothes became popular with practical and easy clothes. Because during the war, women need to work harder. Two piece and three piece suits had prevailed for long from WW1.
During WW2, she closed 'Maison Chanel' and retired from CHANEL.
In 1954, Coco Chanel came back to CHANEL and opend 'Haute-Couture house' again. One year later, she launched the shoulder bag with gold chain named 2.55 bag which a lot of celebrities patronize today.
Same year, 'Pour Monsieur' for men was launched.
After her return, there were a lot of famous works she did; tweed two-piece, pearl necklaces, her mascot 'camellia flower', and handbag with the clasp which was shaped crossed double C.
Gabrielle Chanel introduced the perfume on August 19th, 1970, 'Chanle NO.19' which was named after her birthday ; her birthday was August 19th.
As Coco died in 1971, Karl Lagerfeld came after her. Her collection after her death was really successful.
In 1984, the perfume 'Coco' was launched. 3 years later, Chanel Watch came out. In 1996, the perfum 'Allure' was introduced, and 'Allure Homme' came out 2 years after 'Allure'.
In 1999, CHANEL made new 'skin-care' line, 'Precision'.
In 2001,  the perfume, 'Coco Mademoiselle' showed.
In 2005, CHANEL Exhibit was hold in NewYork Metropolitan Museum, and the handbag 'New Mademoiselle' was launched.
Chanel has been over 100 years; I think this brand has long history. In my opinion, Gabrielle Chanel contributed to modern fashion. Without her, maybe corset would be used more. She was one of the talented and influential women in the world. In my conception, most of CHANEL products are worthy that.

History of Microsoft

Microsoft Corporation is an American company located in Washington which is treated software and hardware globally. It's one of the biggest multinational Software and Hardware corporation.
Microsoft was found in 1975 by Bill Gates and Paul Allen.
Bill Gates and Paul Allen have been friends from their childhood. In 1975, Bill Gates and Paul Allen established the company named Micro-soft in New Mexico, Albuquerque to invent and sell BASIC Interpreters. Gates became the CEO of Micro-soft,
In 1977, there was Microsoft's first international office named ASCII Microsoft. This achievement was the result of forming an agreement with ASCII Magazine in Japan. In 1979, the company moved to Bellevue, Washington.
In 1980s, Microsoft started OS business. But first time, Microsoft was failed with Digital Research. After that, IBM awarded to contract to them to provide CP/M OS which was for forthcoming IBM Personal Computer. After releasing IBM PC(IBM Personal Computer) in 1981, Microsoft retained ownership of Microsoft-Disk Operating System, and through couple of events, Microsoft became the leading PS OS vendor.
Microsoft extended into new markets with Microsoft Mouse releasing in 1983 named Microsoft Press. That year, Paul Allen resigned after his Hodgkin's disease.
In 1984, during joints with IBM, they release Microsoft Windows. 2 years later, the head office of Microsoft moved to Redmond. 
In 1987, Microsoft released its version of OS/2 to OEMs(Original Equipment Manufactures)
Enters 1990s, the Federal Trade Commission set lay on Microsoft. The same year, Microsoft released Microsoft Office which many people use these days. Also Microsoft Word and Microsoft Excel were introduced. On May, Windows 3.0 was introduced with streamlined user interface graphics and developed protected mode for the Intel 386 processor. Microsoft Office and Widows are the most prevailing.
In 1995, Microsoft started to redefine the offerings an expand product line into computer networking and the World Wide Web by Bill Gates internal 'Internet Tidal Wave memo'. Microsoft introduced Windows 95. This new one came with MSN(the Microsoft Networking), which is network service a lot of people use to communicate each.  As Microsoft released Windows 95, the GUI Operating System, Microsoft led many peripheral businesses of Personal Computer to develop centrad drivers which exclusive Windows. 
In 1996, as branching out into new markets, Microsoft and NBC Universal created new 24/7 cable new station which is MSNBC. MSNBC is the cable TV news of the United States. Moreover, Microsoft created Windows CE 1.0. In1997, Microsoft started to break an agreement which was signed 3 years ago, and asked the court to stop bundling of Internet Explorer with Windows. One year later, the judgment was handed down the case which was Microsoft verses the United States about abusive monopoly.
That year, Bill Gates turned over the position of CEO to Steve Ballmer who was the Microsoft's employee and also the old friend of Bill Gates.
In 2001, Microsoft released Window XP which was unified Windows ME and Windows 2000. This is different with previous things; XP was made based on Internet. Extra, XP means experience.
In 2007, the uploaded version of previous one was released, Windows Vista. It is focused on features, security, and a redesigned user interface dubbed Aero. At the same time, Microsoft Office 2007 was released.
In 2008, Bill Gates retired from the position of Chief Software Architect. In 2006, Bill Gates proclaimed that he would retire on July 31st, 2008 and since then, he told that he would concentrate on Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation which is charity he built.
Actually, while doing these history homework, I often use Microsoft Word 2007. I think Microsoft is one of the influential company in the world. Microsoft things are used all over the world. As many people knows, Microsoft are criticized by people because Microsoft earned money in various ways. Microsoft was also called Micro$oft. But in my opinion, Microsoft is of much value to get money. My guess is that Microsoft will has been dominant.

History of Google

  Google is one of the companies which have become really famous in short history. Google has been only 12 years.
Now, Google is one of the most famous web search engine and rewarded on the NASDAQ. Google has their moto "Don't be evil".
Google was found in 1998 by Larry Page and Sergey Brin who were the students of Standford University at that time. Now, Larry Page is CEO and Eric Schumidt who promised with Larry and Brin to be in Goole for 20 years is Executive Chairman.
  Actually, Larry Page and Sergey Brin started their own search engine in 1986 called "BackRub" because of the system which checked backlinks that can estimate the site's importance. Then finally, they changed name from BackRub to Google. This present name is derived from misspelling of the word 'Googol'. 'Googol' means that the search engine wants to offer large amount of information to people. At the first time, the website 'Google' was under Stanford University.
In 1998, Google was permissed legally. The first place was their friend's garage in Menlo Park, and they hired first employee, Craig Silverstein who was their fellow student of Standford University.
  In 1999, Larry Page and Sergey Brin thought that search engine took much time so that it would affect to their school things becuase they still were Stanford University. So they went and offered to George Bell, the Excite CEO to sell it for 1 million dollar. But, to begin with, it was rejected by George. Later on June, $25 million round of funding was announced with major investors including the venture capital firms Kleiner Perkins Caufield and Byers.
Also at same year, Google moved the offices to Palo Alto. And one year later, Google started to sell advertisements associated through the contrary of Larry and Sergey about the advertising-funded search engine.
  The advertising, Google offer Adwords program to advertisers. By the bidding through this program, people can buy the text advertisement next to the result of searching. Googel make them pay only when the advertisement was clicked. Also, the Google Analytics offer the 'free tool' to check the effect of the advertisement immediately. This program make people could check the traffic of keywords, the effects of the ad, etc.
Google encourages people to research newpaper, book or magazines  for free to endorse and sell the ads. Also the pertinent things are free through the search traffic. Few years later, through the 'Doubleclick', Google encourages to do online advertising. In 2004, Google's profit increased a lot. 97 percent among them were ads. 4 years later, Google's profit rised again and the profit was same as the total profit of 5 broadcaster including CBS, ABC, FOX, CW, NBC.
Search engine is famour at Google. One of the features of Google's search is that the link is analyzed between the page and page. Through this way, Google judges the better documents which linked a lot. This is called PageRank.
  Google also has a lot of services, not only ads or search engines. Gmail, Google news, Google maps, Google videos, Google books, Orkut, etc are the examples. Actually, Google maps have been embroiled.
The reason is about the personal information and privac. Becuase in the 'street view', there are many people, car plates, some privacies in the pictures.
  Google has been issued for almost the whole story, good or bad. In the news, one writer said Google became slower, so many talented people in Google tried to move to the 'faster' one, Facebook.
But I believe that Google will be the black hole of the talented, again.

History of LG Electronics

LG Electronics is one of the biggest global companies from South Korea, and the representative subsidiary of LG Group. LG is second largest at Tv and thrid largest at mobile phone in the world.
LG Electronics was established in 1958. First time, this company was called GoldStar, and at that time, LG Group was combined with the brand 'Lucky' and 'GoldStar'. So later, the first initial of each brand makes present brand name, L(lucky)G(goldstar).
In 1959, GoldStar produced Korea's first 'vacuum-tube radio'. From 1960 to 1968, GoldStar(LG) produced Korea's first fan(1960), refrigerator(1965), monochrome(1966), air conditioner(1968).
In 1970, GoldStar went public.
In 1977, 19 years from the beginning, GoldStar reached 100 billion won in sales, and reached 100 million dollars. 7 years later in 1984, GoldStar's sales increased to trillion won.
In 1994, The 3DO Company became the sponser of GoldStar(LG). GoldStar needed that company to make the 3DO Interactive Multiplayer.
In 1995, GoldStar changed its name to LG Electronics which has been used today. Also in same year, 1995, LG Electronics took over Zenith Electronics of the United States.
In 1999, LG Electronics and Philips became the joint venture for LCD business. one year later, LG Ericson was merged.
The world's first Digital Multimedia Broadcasting(DMB)-phone was produced by LG Electronics in 2004. When DMB phone was produced, it was very rare and was very precious.
January 1st, 2007, Yong Nam who was the vice president became CEO of LG Electroncis. Also, same year, one subsidiary of LG formed to supply polysilicon to LG Electronics to produce solar cells. This subsidiary is LG Solar Energy. LG Elec. produced ARTCAM and DSLR which are camcorders.
In 2008, LG was awarded a lot. LG won 11 red dot design awards, 11 iF product design awards, and 13 Innovations award at CES. 
One year later, LG again was awarded again. LG won 15 Design and Technology honors at CED and Home Appliances Category for Steam Laundary. LG was awarded with iF product design awards and red dot design award.
In 2010, Yong Nam, the CEO was retired because of poor financial performance. After Mr.Nam, Koo Bon Joon became the CEO and also the vice chairman of LG Electronics.
There are many brands(subsidiary) in LG Electronics : CYON, XCANVAS, XNOTE, XPION, TROMM, WHISEN, DIOS, FLATRON, etc. Maybe, a lot of people would hear them many times from tv, radio or some other ways.
I want to tell one brand among them; CYON.
CYON is the brand from LG Electronics about the mobile phone. At first,in 195, the brand name was 화통and one year later, the name was changed to Freeway. In 1997 the brand name was written in CION but later, in 2002, it was changed to CYON, and now, CYON has been changed to LG Mobile on February 25th, 2011.
This is the brand which produced the world's first TDMB phone. In 2005, the slogan was changed to 'CYON Idea', and they formed a line : Chocolate(first generation), Shine(second generation), Secret(third generation). These phones became popular globally, and thee years later, the Chocolate phone was discontinued.
In 2008, the slogan 'CYON Idea' was changed to 'Touch the wonder CYON'. This slogan implied that CYON would produce 'Touch Phone' mainly. Their touch phone was started from the world's first 'full screen touch phone', PRADA. After that, CYON has kept producing Arena phone, New Chocolate phone, and various kinds of touch phones.
In 2011, as I said already, CYON changed its name to LG Mobile. And LG Mobile has kept producing smart phones; Optimus lines(Optimus One, Optimus Mach, etc.)
LG Mobile has kept making a lot of great mobile phones. I think LG Mobile will have kept making amazing smart phones. I think one day, LG Mobile could be valuable as Samsung's phones.

History of Sony Corporation

Sony Corporation is Japanese company, but it is world-famous electronics company. Sony Corporation was established in May 7th, 1946 and the founder of Sony is Masaru Ibuka and Akio Morita. At the first time, its name was Tokyo Telecommunications Engineering Corporation and has a small amount of employee. But later, Sony became famous because of the 'walk man'.
After WW2, Masaru Ibuka started his business at a destroyed department repairing radios. And one year later, Akio Morita became the partner and they established the company called Tokyo Telecommunications Engineering Corporation. This company made 'Type-G' the tape recorder the first in Japan.
In early 1950, Masaru Ibuka traveled to the United States and heard the invention of Bell : transistor. Masaru Ibuka asked Bell to let his company use transistor technology. Ibuka's compnay tried to use the transistor at communications differently from other United States companies who use which use transistor for military purpose. Finally, Masaru Ibuka's company made the transistor radio, which are made by American companies, commercially successful for the first time.
In 1958, they changed thier name to Sony Corporation.
Sony Corporation finally invented world's first pocket transistor radio. Sony made a lot of inventions and new things and made Japan the world-famous country which produce electronics after the late 20century. And also in 1987-88 Sony bought CBS Record Group then became one of the biggest record companies in the world.
In 1975, Betamas Videocassette recording format was launched by the Sony Corporation. And 4 years later, Walkman brand which contributed to Sony a lot was introduced. It was the world's first portable music player.
After that, Sony kept developing its own products. Sony's products kept developing its functions fast.
In the early 1990s, Sony developed two high density optical storage standards. One of them was MultiMedia Compact Disk(MMCD) and the other one was Super Density Disk(SD). These are supported by some other companies like Toshiba, Philips and Sony, etc. Through all these processes, finally, the united disk format which is called DVD was marketed in 1997.
One year later, in 1998, Sony launched the Memory Stick format. In Sony's digital camera and portable music player, there were flash cards. (Flash cards were needed in their own digital camera and portable music player.) Later, the Memory Stick format was updated with Memory Stick Duo and Memory Stick Micro by Sony Corporation.
Sony and Philips developed the Sony-Philips digital interface format and the high fidelity audio system together.
In 2004, Sony also developed MinDisk format by releasing Hi-MD. This Hi-MD allows the audio's recording on 1GB Hi-MD discs. Recording on the Hi-MD Walkmans can be transferred to and also from the computer different from early NetMD.
And also became one of the companies which has strongest proponents of the Blu-ray Disc.
March 5th, 2005, Nobuyuki Idei and another CEO were resigned by Sony to overcome the slump of management of Electronics. And Howard Stringer and 추바치 료지 each became the CEO and a vice president. We could know that Sony aims the global businesses through the fact that the foreigner became the CEO of Sony Corporation.

History of Hyundai Motor Company

My dad is working at Hyundai Motor Company. So I decided to write about Hyundai Motor Company.
Hyundai M Company ranked as fifth motor company in the world.
The founder of this company is Chung Ju-young. Hyundai Motor Company was established in December, 29th, 1967. In 1967, the company was established with Ford Motor Company as joint company. But later, Hyundai Motor Company was seperated with Ford Motor Company, then produced 'Hyundai Pony' which is the first Korean car with cooperation with Japan.
Hyundai first exported its own car, Pony, to Canada in 1983. It was successful at Canadian market. But Pony cannot be exported to the United States because of the emissions. But later in 1986, Hyundai Motor Company could export cars to the United States.
3 years later, in 1989, Hyundai achieved the goal selling million sedan(car)
In 1996, Hyundai Motor India Limited was established with a production plant in irrungattukotai near Chennai, India. And also in same year, Hyundai established factory in Turkey.
3 years later, in 1999, the leader Chung Ju young turned the business over to his son, Chung Mong koo.
In 2000, its affiliation was seperated from Hyundai Group. Then in 2001, Hyundai made a successful bid at KOROS(한국철도차량주식회사 ; Hyundai Rotem).
We had FIFA World-Cup in 2002. And Hyundai Motor Company became the official partner of the 2002 Korea/Japan World-Cup. Hyundai has have special World-Cup marketing. It is supposed that Hyundai would pay a lot of money and offer many supporting cars to FIFA which hold the World-Cup to support World-Cup. By Hyundai's World-Cup public relation section, its effect reached almost 6 trillion won. Hyundai has been the sponser of the FIFA World-Cup for 3 times; from 2002 to 2010. In 2006, the effect of the brand exposure through the TV reached over 7 trillion won. Through these (brand exposure), it has been helpful for Hyundai Motor Company's target of the global market.
In 2005, Hyundai completed the factory at the United States. Then one year later, in 2006, Hyundai Motor Company became the 6th Motor Company globally. And in the same year, in 2006, Chung Mong koo was investigated because he was suspected by corruption as the master of the Hyundai. So Chung Mong koo was arrested and charged 100 billion won. Finally, the CEO of Hyundai, Kim Dong Jin replaced him as the head of the company.
In 2009, Hyundai accomplished at developing Avante LPI Hybrid and at the same year, Hyundai sold 5 million Avante. Also in 2009, Hyundai sold Santafe SUV as the first time and sold 2 million of them.
Hyundai got a lot of advances in 2009, but also bad event occurred; Hyundai had to withdraw from Japan Market except the Universe
In 2010, Hyundai ranked at 5th Motor Company globally.
In 2011, this year, Hyundai Motor Company plan to establish the factory at Brazil.

History of Samsung Electronics

Samsung Electronics is one of the largest electronics comapany in the world and is the biggest electronics company is South Korea. Samsung Electronics is the representative company in Samsung.

Samsung's representative products are Galaxy S, Galaxy Tab, LED/LCD TV, etc.

Samsung started in 1938 with clothes and foods but later in 1969, Samsung Electronics established.

One year later, Samsung-NCE was established, then AV equipments and white goods.

 In 1973, Samsung Electronics moved head office to SuWon-si.

In 1974, they began semiconductor business, And also Samsung started to make refrigerator and washing machine. In 1980, took over Korea Telecommunication. In 1978, established sale subsidiary in US and after few months, the company exports exceeded imports by $100 million. The period from 1977 to 1979 was rapid growth time.

 In 1983, Samsung's founder, Lee Byung Chul announced 'Tokyo Declaration' that enter to DRAM(dynamic random access memory) business and one year after, in 1983, Samsung became the 3rd comapany(country) in the world that developed the 64k DRAM after the United States and Japan predecessors. And also at same year, started producing personal computer. One year later, the company changed the original name to "Samsung Electronics Co." In 1986, it developed 1M DRAM, and four years later, developed 4M Mask Rom. The period from 1983 to 1990 was the time that Samsung Electronics focused on exports and foreign countries.

 In 1992, Samsung developed '64M DRAM' at the firtst in the world. 2 years later, the company developed 256M DRAM at the first in the world again. 2 years later, in 1996, the company developed 1G DRAM at the first in the world. In 1998, it developed 'High Definition Digital VCR' '256M DRAM(2G)' '64M Lambus DRAM Module' a first. The period from 1991 to 1998 was the time that accomplished a lot as world's first.

In 1999, Samsung developed 256 DRAM and TV Phone and one year later, get the world's first TL9000 attestation. Two years later, in 2002, they announced new brand, Hauzen, which produced high grade white goods. In 2003, Samsung's Flash-Memory became the world's first.

 In 2004, Samsung established SLCD with sony. By total accounts of 2004, Samsung signed in Ten Billion Dollar Club. After 2006, that Samsung entered TV business, Samsung became top in World's TV Market.

Samsung had emphasized innovation in its management strategy since the early 2000s and it again highlighted innovation as part of core strategies when it announced the Vision 2020 in which the company set an ambitious goal of reaching the $400-billion sales revenue within 10 years. In order to cement its leadership in the areas of memory chip and TV production, Samsung has invested aggressively in research and development. The company currently has 24 R&D centers around the world. In the 2010 Business Week innovation ranking, Apple Computer and Google retained the leading positions as in the 2009 list, followed by Microsoft, which gained one notch from 2009's fourth place.

 Samsung's main products are TV, Computer, Semiconductor, 3D, LED/LCD, Smart phone, Camera, DRAM, Refrigerator, etc..

Samsung has been the top at TV market for many years and keep making best-seller products. And also it has been the top for 4 years at world's market share by selling 310000000 TVs.

Samsung's representative smart phone is Galaxy S. This phone is one of the smart phones that can substitute IPhone. Galaxy S was awarded at 2010 EISA Awards.

The semiconductor makes Samsung the top company. Samsung has kept the title of the world's largest memory chip maker.

 Samsung will has been developing itself. I believe that As Lee kun hee,chair man of Samsung, stay in Samsung, Samsung would never be dishonored.